Quantitative Applications Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Quantitative Applications - Essay Example (c) A project plan was constructed and the network was designed for designing, writing and installing a bespoke computer database. The critical path and the shortest time to completion is identified as follows: = Contract negotiation User discussions Review current system Systems analysis (a) Systems analysis (b) Programming Preliminary testing Documentation preparation Implementation Debugging Manual. (d) This project can be controlled by monitoring and controlling the critical activities and reducing lead time on the other activities which do not contribute towards the critical path. The important activities that need monitoring and control may be the Systems analysis, programming, testing, documentation, implementation and debugging. (a) The main advantages of holding an inventory are that losses due to unexpected changes in demand and deliveries from suppliers can be avoided and it is a safety net against backorders. The main disadvantages of holding inventory are the increased holding costs incurred due to higher rental value of the space occupied, higher premiums, the danger of the inventory losing its value or becoming obsolete and the loss of money in opportunity costs. The assumptions made are that the demand rate is known and it is uniform (constant), the ordering cost is constant, quantity discounts do not exist, the production rate is infinite (with no shortages) and the order is received immediately after placing the order. The formula for a simple demand model for the EOQ (Economic Order Quantity) is now given below: Economic Order Quantity, Q = Where, C = fixed cost per order (not per unit, in addition to unit cost) D = annual demand quantity of the product H = annual holding cost per unit (also known as carrying cost) (c) Unit cost = 80 Annual holding cost per unit = 20% per year = 0.20 * 80 = 16 Holding cost per unit per month = 1.33 Fixed cost per order = 140 Demand = 700 /month Therefore, EOQ, Q = 384 units/order (d) If the supplier offers a 5% discount on the product cost if ordered in lots of 1200 units or more, then the advice to the manager is to place the orders once every four months. QUESTION 3 (a) A diagram of a simple and basic EBQ model is shown below (production and consumption model). The assumption here is that rather than the lot arriving instantaneously, the lot is assumed to arrive continuously at a production rate K. This situation arises when a production process feeds the inventory and the process operates at the rate K greater than the demand rate D. According to this model, the Economic Batch Quantity (EBQ), or the Economic Production Quantity (EPQ) is given by Where, K = Setup cost D = Demand rate F = holding cost P = production rate (b) Unit cost of a thermostat = 25 Demand per annum, D = 4000 Production Rate, P = 200 per week = 10400 per annum Setup costs, K = 240 /setup Inventory Holding costs, F = 17.5% of

Islam religion and christianity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Islam religion and christianity - Essay Example Islam is a monotheistic religion which is considered to be the second largest world religion with over 1 billion followers in the world, the term Islam refers to submission to God. Muslims believe that Muhammad was a prophet who revealed the Quran.They believe that Christians altered text with regard to Moses and Jesus.This paper is an analysis of an interview undertaken on a Muslim male who volunteered to give information regarding religious practices and believes. The following is an analysis of the information provided by the respondent and also an analysis of the differences and similarities that exist between Islam, and Christianity. The interview was undertaken outside a mosque on a Friday afternoon, a believer volunteered to take the interview that entailed taking note of some of the believes and practices of Islam religion, the respondent was briefed on the importance and purpose of the study and this ensured that information was provided for this report.A guiding questionnai re was prepared in order to undertake an interview. This questionnaire was prepared in order to understand the Islam religion. The first question was the description of Islam faith, the respondent stated that Islam believe in One God who was Allah and Mohammed was a prophet, he stated that there were five guidelines and most important features of Islam, this include Shahadah which is a creed that is required to be recited by those converting to Islam and also Muslims recite it in player. The other is Salah and this is a player that Muslims are required to recite five times in one day. The thirst is Sakat which is a financial obligation that entails giving Allah some of the wealth accumulated. The other believe is the fasting in Ramadan, this entails fasting durian the nine month in the Islam calendar for the purpose of asking Allah to forgive sins, provide and protect. Finally is Hajj which is a requirement that Muslims must visit Mecca once in their lifetime. The other question was to determine what the Quran signified and who wrote the holy book, according to the respondent the Quran was dictated to Islam by God through Angel Gabriel, the Quran was never edited and is the original work. it describes the will of God and therefore is the most important icon in Islam religion. The other question was aimed at determining the individual view on other religions especially Christianity, according to the respondent Christians were non believers because they believe in the trinity, Muslims believe in one and only God Allah and that Christians considered Mohammed to be the son of god whereas Mohammad was a prophet. He also stated that Christians consumed pork which Islam considered to be unclean and for this reason Islam was the true religion stating that Christians had altered with the word of God which is the bible, he however stated that Christianity and Islam were similar but Islam was the True religion. He provided information about the origin of Islam, according to him Mohammed started Islam and that he was considered to have ascended into heaven and never died as Christians put it, he stated that Mohammed was born of a virgin and Muslims believe that he would come again. When asked about their believe in the holy war and heaven he stated that Jihad was a fight in the way of God and that anyone who died during such a war is considered to go straight to heaven, he stated that Muslims believed in heaven and hell and people went to heaven only if they were true believers and that their good deeds outweighed their bad deeds on earth, when asked about baptism and the original sin, he stated that Adam is considered a prophet in Islam and that he was righteous and never sinned, he added that when babies are born they are free from any sin and when they reach puberty an account in heaven is opened to record their bad and good

Patients Dealing with Poverty Essay Example for Free

Patients Dealing with Poverty Essay Poverty affects almost half the world. Over three billion people live on less than $2.50 a day (Global Issues). The United States, one of the wealthiest nations in the world, accounts for almost 12% of these statistics. In addition to these people, another 50 million are â€Å"near poverty† level. Even more alarming, according to the 1999 Census Bureau, over 16% of all children in the United States live in poverty verse the recorded 12% of adults (Yahoo Health). I chose to write about people living with poverty because God has really placed the issue on my heart this year. Last May, my father lost his job and became homeless. I am happy to say he is now employed and looking for housing. After seeing the effects of poverty first hand, I have felt tremendously compelled to reach out to those in need. I have applied for an Episcopal Urban Intern Program through AmeriCorps and if I am accepted, I will be working with them starting in August. God has really blessed me with a heart of compassion and understanding, and I want to use that gift to serve others to the best of my ability. Poverty is a global issue that affects every corner of our world. There are an endless amount of people suffering in every county and many issues to be discussed. Because there are so many people affected worldwide, I am only going to focus on the effects in the United States for this essay. So, what is poverty? Poverty can be defined in several different ways. According to the US Census Bureau, poverty is measured in numbers. Any person living on a yearly income of $11,136 or under (add $2,820 for each additional person in the household) is considered to be in poverty (US Census 2010). However, the social definition of poverty is any person living with a lack of essential items such as food, clothing, water, and shelter (Think Quest). Minority racial and ethnic groups are much more likely to live in poverty. Also, poverty is much more prevalent in single, female-headed households (Yahoo Health). It is extremely important to be educated about the kinds of people living in poverty, especially if you are a healthcare worker, because the effects of their financial status greatly impact their well-being. Individuals living at or near poverty level suffer a variety of chronic ailments. They often have no health insurance so they rely on emergency rooms for care and often do not fill their prescriptions. They frequently postpone getting medical care due to lack of insurance and also have shorter life spans (Society of Teachers of Family Medicine). For every small decrease in income we see a significant decrease in health outcome. Another big concern of poverty-level individuals is that they are more likely to smoke and to live sedentary lifestyles (Hope Through Healing Hands). In a study done in year 2000, researchers found that more than one third of people living in poverty had a drug or alco hol problem. Also, more than half (56%) of those studied reported not having enough to eat at sometime in the last year (Society of Teachers of Family Medicine). Lack of nutrition, for any period of time, can cause detrimental effects on the body such as weight loss, bone deterioration, and even death (Merck Manuals). Mental health issues such as depression and anxiety were also very prevalent in this study of poverty-stricken people. Something very interesting to me about this study is that in response to interview questions about issues in daily life, personal health and/or access to health care services were the third most commonly cited concerns (employment and housing were the top two concerns). Among these health concerns, costs and health insurance coverage were the biggest issues raised. Nearly half of Americans whose incomes are below 150% of the poverty level are without insurance coverage. In contrast, only about 40% of those with incomes below 100% of the poverty level are without health insurance (Society of Teachers of Family Medicine). This is due to the target income range of government programs. Federal and state programs (such as Medicaid) help tremendously with insuring those at poverty level. However, there are many others considered the â€Å"working poor† who do not qualify for these programs. These people all too often have to choose between paying for meals and paying for health care. Those living in poverty that do have health insurance from government programs often have very limited coverage. Prescription medications and medical supplies (such as eyeglasses) are often not included. Healthcare professionals often mistake those in poverty, especially those between the 150% 200% level range, as non-compliant patients (Society of Teachers of Family Medicine). Because people living in poverty often do not come in for preventative care, do not fill prescriptions, and fail to adhere to other recommendations, they can easily be mistaken for â€Å"bad patients.† It is a common misconception that they are ignorant to the importance of health care. It is imperative to understand that these individuals are doing the best they can with the finances and resources they have available. The main solution to health care problems those living in poverty face is a change to our health care system. Coverage needs to be available to all members of society for all health needs. As healthcare workers, we are not all called to be change agents in the world for this cause. However, we can educate ourselves to better understand poverty so we can deal effectively with those patients experiencing it. Americans almost always seem to be informed of poverty in under-developed countries. They also seem to be well-aware that poverty causes poor health. Still, many in the U.S. remain unaware that this problem exists in our country as well (Hope Through Healing Hands). Healthcare providers can communicate effectively with poverty-stricken individuals by showing a genuine desire to assist and serve them. Developing a sense of empathy, not sympathy, for the person shows that you care for them rather than feel bad for them. It is important to understand that these individuals’ sense of time occurs only in the present. They rarely think of the future or what effects their present actions might have on them later in life (TFC Association). They live for today because that is all they have. It is best to project kindness to these individuals, as with any group of people. Another very effective tool for helping those living in poverty is providing resources. Researching free or low-cost programs in your community and sharing them with these patients is a great way to help. Using appropriate humor is also a great way to lighten the mood and bring a smile to someone’s face that may be experiencing financial hardships (TFC Association). There are so many problems poverty brings upon an individual. Living with this burden can truly effect a person is so many ways. As a healthcare worker there is only so much we can do to assist people at these low-income levels. Although we can not provide a means for them financially or fix the living situation they are in, it is important to understand the impact we can have just by being compassionate. If you work in an office with ignorance to this issue, it is vital to inform those around you about the effects of poverty on health care. Before jumping to conclusions about a patient who is non-compliant, you may want to ask questions to find out if it is due to poverty. The key is to treat them with dignity and respect, regardless of their social status, and you really will make a difference. Works Cited 1. Poverty Facts and Stats — Global Issues. Global Issues : Social, Political, Economic and Environmental Issues That Affect Us All — Global Issues. Web. 24 Mar. 2011. http://www.globalissues.org/article/26/poverty-facts-and-stats. 2. Poverty. Yahoo! Health. Web. 24 Mar. 2011. http://health.yahoo.net/galecontent/poverty-and-health#povertyintheunitedstates. 3. Poverty Data Poverty Threshholds U.S Census Bureau. Census Bureau Home Page. Web. 24 Mar. 2011. http://www.census.gov/hhes/www/poverty/data/threshld/index.html. 4. Finding Solutions to Poverty. A Dollar a Day: What Is Poverty? Web. 24 Mar. 2011. http://library.thinkquest.org/05aug/00282/over_whatis.htm. 5. Understanding the Culture of Poverty. Society of Teachers of Family Medicine. Web. 24 Mar. 2011. www.tfcassociation.org//10Beveridge%20Todd%2022OCT%20THU%20Plenary.ppt. 6. Poverty and Healthcare: Fatefully Linked. Hope Through Healing Hands. Web. 24 Mar. 2011. http://www.hopethroughhealinghands.org/_uploads/Pov erty%20and%20Healthcare_Fatefully%20Linked_Johnson%20City%20Press_6.21.09.pdf. 7. Undernutrition: Disorders of Nutrition and Metabolism: Merck Manual Home Edition. Merck Co., Inc. Is a Global Research-driven Pharmaceutical Products Company. Web. 24 Mar. 2011. http://www.merckmanuals.com/home/sec12/ch153/ch153a.html. 8. â€Å"Health Needs of People Living Below Poverty Level.† Transplant Financial Coordinators. Web. 24 Mar. 2011. http://www.stfm.org/fmhub/fm2001/may01/special2.pdf.

Lewis Ranis-Fei Model of Economic Development

Lewis Ranis-Fei Model of Economic Development William Arthur Lewis, with his most famous published work, â€Å"Economic Development with Unlimited Supplies of Labour† (Manchester School, May 1954) and â€Å"The Theory of Economic Growth† (Allen and Unwin, 1955), made a great contribution to the theories of economic development. Based on his findings, Ranis and Fei succeeded to extend the initial Lewis model and assessed the changes in the agricultural and industrial labour in more detail. I will start this paper by introducing the foundations of the model before following with the implications, basing the majority of my arguments on the analysis by Ranis and Fei in â€Å"A Theory of Economic Development† (1961). The central idea behind the Lewis model is fairly simple. Lewis divided labour force into two differentiated groups â€Å"subsistence sector† and â€Å"capitalist sector† where the former is assumed to contain unlimited supply and consequently, a pool of surplus labour[1] that sets labour-supply conditions for the latter. The concept of a dual economy is heavily criticised. As Leeson (1982) pointed out, â€Å"dual economy† models are â€Å"held to imply a false picture of the nature of the historical process of change in underdeveloped countries†. In this paper, I will not assess the strengths or weaknesses of the model, but instead, for the sake of simplicity and clarity, assume that the sectors are agricultural and industrial, respectively. Subsequently, Ranis and Feis extension to Lewis model can be analysed. They observed the model by reading it from left to right and assessed the changes in the output and wage as more and more people moved from agriculture to the industry. A new concept was added namely, disguised unemployment, which appears in the traditional subsistence sector. The marginal product of labour, which is observed as the slope of the production function, in agricultural sector is lower than in industry in fact, it is zero before point B on Figure 1.3. Under competitive assumptions, the real wage rate would fall to zero, but due to the presence of institutional or non-market forces, the institutional wage is sustained. Therefore, there are gains to be had by switching resources away to the industrial sector. Nevertheless, it is generally not likely to happen because the market, left on its own, does not change. If the industrial sector does pay according to marginal product, then, as noted by Ray (199 8), there would be efficiency gains available as long as the marginal product of the agricultural labour is less than the wage, whether it is zero or not. By decreasing the labour force in agriculture by a small amount (whilst still remaining in the surplus labour area), the total wage bill in agriculture falls along the diagonal straight line in Figure 1.3 , provided that the wage in agriculture does not rise. Since output does not fall, the reduction in the total wage bill gives an economy an agricultural surplus. Only at point C will this process come to an end because there is no more disguised unemployment it only appears at points at which the marginal product of labour is less than the institutional wage. Hence, condition for the existence of disguised unemployment is: W > MPL Ranis and Fei subsequently claimed that the average wage bill in agricultural sector is no longer measured as a straight line. At point C, the slope of the production function is parallel to the wage bill line, yielding that the disguised unemployment is no longer observed. Furthermore, beyond point C (when the disguisedly unemployed have been absorbed) the marginal product of labour exceeds the traditionally given wage rate (Ranis and Fei, 1961). The wage in agriculture begins to rise, because it becomes profitable to bid for labour[2]. As a result, wage bill falls more slowly. This brings me to the central point of the paper capturing the â€Å"turning points† in the Lewis-Ranis-Fei model. Ranis and Fei divided the model into three phases[3]. I have used Figure 1.1. to illustrate this issue. This figure contains the demand curves for labour by industry (downward sloping). The supply curve is initially a vertical line, because of surplus labour. Hence, the intersection of the labour and demand curves gives the equivalent quantity of labour and wage rate x and w*, respectively. Since the economy is in the surplus phase, there will be a certain quantity of labour transferring from agricultural to industrial sector, which explains the increase of the labour in industry from x to y whilst keeping the wage rate constant. The wage rate remains constant as long as there is surplus labour in the agriculture that can be employed more productively in the industry at a constant subsistence wage rate (Berry, 1970). It must be noted though that for any further investment, the demand curve for labour is going to shift to a point where the compensatory wage must rise. The phase where the supply wage of labour tilts upwards is referred to as the â€Å"first turning point†. At this point, redundant labour disappears altogether (Jorgenson, 1967). Employment in the industry would have risen as far as point z had the turning point not occurred. However, since it did and since the wage rate began to rise as demand was pushed upwards, employment can only rise up to z where demand meets supply. As I briefly mentioned earlier, it is evident that as more and more agricultural workers are withdrawn and no longer demand a portion of the agricultural goods, the surplus of agricultural goods begins to appear. It must be noted that each individual that moves from agricultural sector to the industry carries their own subsistence bundle together with them, meaning that they must be compensated for the transfer. Ranis and Fei named the portion of total agricultural output in excess of the consumption requirements of the agricultural labour force at the institutional wage as the total agricultural surplus TAS (Ranis and Fei, 1961). They described the TAS (captured in Figure 1.3) as the vertical distance between the straight line OX and the total physical productivity curve (with the exception of phase 3 where the distance will be reduced). In order to find out the required minimum industrial wage, the average wage must be multiplied by the relative price between agriculture and industry. In the surplus phase, it remains constant, because the average agricultural surplus is not changing (captured in Figure 1.2.). At this point, an expansion in the industrial sector would not drive up the wage rate. If an individual that moves from agriculture to the industry when labour in agriculture is at the surplus phase, there will be no compensation needed for that particular individual, as he carries his own food basket to the industry. In fact, industrial wage is constant and this individual is not worse off as a result. At the second phase, however, the average agricultural surplus begins to decline, because there will not be sufficient agricultural output to feed all the new industrial arrivals at the institutional wage level (Ranis and Fei, 1961). In other words, the same wage would not compensate them for the move anymore, b ecause the agricultural surplus has fallen below the average wage (A.W.) and it is not possible for them to buy A.W. units of food. As a result, the supply curve tilts up. There appears to be a worsening of the terms of trade. The relative prices begin to increase and in order to compensate for this price effect and facilitate the move, the industrial wage must rise. The wage must also compensate for the declining agricultural surplus and a movement of the terms of trade against industry. Put differently, the shortage of agricultural goods measured in agricultural surplus lead to a rise in the industrial wage measured in terms of industrial goods. Simultaneously, the agriculture gains some extra resources, because the agricultural output is divided between less people as more and more people move away from agriculture. If it happened that the individuals at the surplus zone wanted to consume more than the average, the government could step in and tax them to restrict their consumption. That surplus could then be used up in the investment to feed those individuals that move to the industry. In addition, it could also be used to support the new industrial arrivals as the wage rate in industry is set to increase. During phase three, this process becomes even more apparent as the now commercialized wage in agriculture becomes operative. Hence, there is an even sharper decrease in the agricultural surplus. What is more, beyond the â€Å"commercialization† point, the contribution from a worker is greater than the wage (as MPL > W). This, on the other hand, increases agricultural wage rate as was seen in Figure 1.3. From the p revious results, it is clear that after a second turning point the industry would have to compensate even more to get the workers. As a result, it gives an incentive to bargain for a worker. According to Chen (2005), Lewis-Ranis-Fei model should be considered a classical model because of the usage of industrial wage. However, Jorgenson claims that once the commercialization point is reached, instead of the classical approach, the neo-classical theory of growth for an advanced economy is to be observed (Jorgenson, 1967). Berry came to a significant conclusion of the Lewis-Ranis-Fei model. In effect, a shift in the terms of trade has a negative effect on the industry, forcing capitalist employers to pay a higher wage and thus generating less profits and less investment (Berry, 1970). However, there is a role of interdependence between the two sectors (Ranis and Fei). In fact, raising the price of goods in agriculture would give an agricultural sector an incentive to raise the output, thus encouraging investments in agriculture, leading to a decline in the terms of trade, which in turn lowers wages, increases profits and generates more investment in the industry. Consequently, there will be a balanced expansion in both, agriculture and industry. In other words, what Ranis and Fei observed was that the allocation of investment funds must be such that as to â€Å"continuously sustain investment incentives in both sectors of the economy†. The terms of trade should not deteriorate substantially agai nst either sector. I have illustrated this in Figure 2. The lower diagram in Figure 2 contains a supply curve S and a demand curve D1. Initially, the size of industrial labour force is OB and the industrial sector is making a profit equal to the area B0. This profit can be considered as an investment fund and could be allocated in part to both sectors. Consequently, the demand curve shifts up and there will be a new intersection point which lies on the balanced-growth path and this new equilibrium allows the economy to enjoy even further profits. After the first turning point, there will be a small proportion of profit that will be forgone because the first turning point occurs, yet the overall amount of profit increases. Nevertheless, it becomes clear that it is reasonable to have a policy to invest in both sectors as the economy will then maintain the balanced growth path. To conclude, I have shown the main ideas behind the Lewis-Ranis-Fei model and used the consecutive analysis of the model to explain why it is important to invest in both sectors in order to remain on the balanced growth path and maintain the rate of industrialization. The existence of surplus labour in agriculture allows the industry to continue to pay the institutional wage and therefore enjoy further profits and continued investment. At the same time, as more and more people are moving away from agriculture, there will be some amount of agricultural surplus that can be used up to fuel further development. This process continues until the surplus labour is absorbed. Hence, saving and investment are a crucial part in the Lewis-Ranis-Fei to support economic development.

college essay type b :: essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Throughout the many ages that the world has partaken, several cultures have been contrived among the almost seemingly abundant human race. Due to this extravagant collage amongst the world as a whole, many different views of the world have been created. Things such as race, religion, ethnicity, language, and personality as well are all things that contribute to the division of individual philosophy and belief.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  If there is a place here on earth that signifies, or emphasizes, the collage of culture, then a college would have to be it. People of several various dissimilarities will eventually have to communicate with one or another on a day to day basis for educational matters. These students have lived completely different cultural, economic, and academic lives as well as having physical dissimilarities.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Though growth of the state of mind may be a result of time spent in college amongst the culture of the world, the way a person has lived their life may also be a contributing factor in individual philosophy as well. There are many people in today’s society that have significant setbacks amongst their lives that cause them to stop and think about what life is really about.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A potential classmate that I believe I could learn a significant amount from either within or outside a formal classroom would definitely have to be someone of moral Islamic background. I believe that it would be an exquisite adventure to extend my philosophy with that of an Islam. As you can see, I’m not too worried about the problems associated with terrorism or Al-Qaeda, so therefore I can easily blend with someone of that nature.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  President George Bush made a decision to imbuke war on Iraq with only the best intentions of ending terrorism among the United States of America, not with the anger and lust for revenge that the majority of Americans seemed to react with.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Back on subject, both Baptist and Islam have their similarities as well as their differences. I would mostly like to learn about what an Iraqi ethnicity must venture through in their life rather than their extravagant religion.

Oedipus Trilogy Analysis Essay -- essays research papers

Novel Analysis of The Oedipus Trilogy   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Oedipus Rex, or Oedipus Tyrannus as it is in Latin, could be what we call today a Freudian work of literature. The Oedipus Trilogy was originally written by Sophocles and is meant to be told in a story-telling fashion. But this Grecian tragedy was revised and translated into English by Paul Roche and put into a novel form. The Oedipus Trilogy is a novel that deals with destiny and fate. The reader is shown a series of events plotted out from which Oedipus cannot escape. When we begin to read this story, we must remember that Greek society was based around myths and legends. They, much like today’s society, had the need to explain everything. Their myths were a way of explaining such things. They had a series of gods and muses and fates to explain why things happened the way it happened. They believed in a force greater than their own controlling their every move. Sophocles took their beliefs and used the Oedipus Trilogy to explore the irony of how the Fates work more closely. The Oedipus plays are separated into three main plays: Oedipus Rex (The King), Oedipus at Colonus, and Antigone. The story starts in Oedipus Rex, and the city of Thebes in which he is ruler is in plague. The city calls upon the ruler Oedipus to find a way to stop the plague. At this point in time, it is 15 years after the prophecy given to him by the Oracle of Delphi of his father dying and him marrying his mother. When he hears of this he promises never to return so he may outsmart the fates. He eventually ends up in Thebes through his travels and gets into an argument with an old man. He ends up killing the old man in a brawl. Little does he know that this old man is King Laius, his father. He goes to Thebes where a Sphynx is harassing it’s people for an answer to it’s riddle. Oedipus solves the riddle and the Sphynx throws itself from its perch upon a rock outside the city. Its people make Oedipus the new King. Now he is faced with another challenge, to find the killer and banish him from the city to rid them of the plague. We are faced with an interesting plot indeed. When Oedipus pledges to find the murderers, he puts himself in the ironic position of having to hunt himself down. The story shows Oedipus following his own tracks until he finds the shepherd who gave the infant Oedipu... ... this thronging round my feet- this holding out of olive branches wreathed in woe?'; (Roche 23). By this sentence Sophocles is showing that his people are crying at his feet for an answer to their sickness. Little did Oedipus know that he had his own much larger problem on his hands. The plays of Oedipus have long been some of the most enlightening and teaching of stories. This story sparked the study of much psychological debate and theories pertaining to the love of ones mother and ones own sanity. It was used in Ancient Greece to tell of the twisted ways that Fate worked and how you can do something you may not want to out of pure ignorance. This story is a truly remarkable one for those who would read it for pleasure, and yet it is a plague of its own for many a student. And it is still used today so that we may study how an ancient culture thought. Much of Greco-Roman myths are centered on the subject of Fate. Homers epics, the Iliad and the Odyssey are two such examples. We can see that their societies were greatly concerned with Fate, as much of their writing reflects that. Every society has its own needs and concerns, and literature is always the best way to reflect them.

Internal and External Sources of Finance Essay

Internal sources of finance for Tesco Tesco’s main internal source of income will be their retained earnings. Retained earnings are the amount of net income that Tesco have retained and not paid out. Retained earnings are what are paid to the business owners. Fixed assets are another form of an internal source of finance; this form of finance is a lot harder to convert into cash as fixed assets tend to be things such as vehicles, machinery, buildings and factories. Fixed assets can take a while to convert into cash so Tesco would not rely on them to be a short-term access to finance. Current assets are a key source of finance for Tesco; current assets are cash and things that are easy to convert into cash. The things that can be converted into cash easily are things such as stock; once the stock has been sold earning will be retained by Tesco. Tesco have to ensure current assets are no lower than current liabilities as this may prevent them from paying off any possible debts they may have. External sources of finance for Tesco As Tesco are a large company some forms of external finance do not apply to them, things such as loans, credit cards and bank overdrafts will be of no interest to Tesco as they are too financially significant to benefit from them. However, the sources that do apply to Tesco are investments from shareholders, Tesco have many competitors all competing for the same thing, to be the biggest supermarket within the UK. For Tesco to take that title they will need as much investors as possible. An average loan from the bank would not benefit Tesco as the loan is likely to be small; however, if Tesco needed a quick source of finance of a large quantity, things such as a government grants would be beneficial; it would be beneficial as the grant is likely to be large.